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Migrate from Ubuntu to Debian
Using an iso - Works pretty well
Believe or not, there's still a way to install Debian on this crappy machine. You just need three things: "mini.iso", GRUB2 and at least 100 MB of RAM. And that's all.
First of all, you need to download the "mini.iso" file from the Debian Network Installer. This ISO is a 40 MB, minimal bootable system that can install Debian providing you have a working Internet connection.
You can download the latest version of this file from the official Debian Project page using this link.
Now copy that file to /boot
:
~$ sudo cp debian.iso /boot/debian.iso
We'll use GRUB to dump that ISO to RAM and then boot to it. In order to achieve it, modify the /etc/grub.d/40_custom
configuration file to add the following menu entry:
menuentry "debian-installer" {
set isofile='/boot/debian.iso'
loopback loop $isofile
linux (loop)/linux priority=low toram vga=788 ---
initrd (loop)/initrd.gz
}
You may also need to modify the /etc/default/grub
file to display the entry selection menu at boot:
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 # <--- Make sure this is commented
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
Lastly, call update-grub
to apply the changes you've just made:
~$ sudo update-grub
At this point, you should be able to reboot the VM
Ubuntu Deluxe
# BEWARE. HERE BE DRAGONS. IF YOU CONTINUE YOU WILL GET UBUNTU DELUXE
# better known as debian.
# alternative would be
#https://wiki.debian.org/DebianTakeover
# we assume you already got rid of:
# - snap, https://github.com/alexmyczko/autoexec.bat/blob/master/config.sys/ubuntu-remove-snap-firefox
# - external repos, mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* /usr/src/
# before the upgrade/dist-upgrade
# remove all -dev+-dev:amd64 packages, stash the list somewhere, at the end install them again
dpkg -l |grep ^ii|grep -- -dev| awk '{print $2}' > /root/dev.pkgs
apt-get --purge remove `cat /root/dev.pkgs`
# install debian repo keys and debian repo
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 648ACFD622F3D138 0E98404D386FA1D9
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://debian.ethz.ch/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://debian.ethz.ch/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# enable following two lines on 10/06/2023
#deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main
# bookworm-updates, to get updates before a point release is made;
# see https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html#_updates_and_backports
deb http://debian.ethz.ch/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://debian.ethz.ch/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
EOF
# remove ubuntu hack
rm /etc/profile.d/01-locale-fix.sh
# update pkg index
apt-get update
#
#export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
eatmydata apt-get upgrade -uy
eatmydata apt-get dist-upgrade
# might need a few apt --fix-broken install
# together with dpkg -P --force-all
# dpkg -P --force-all libjpeg-turbo8-dev libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0 gconf-service-backend grilo-plugins-0.3-base plymouth-theme-spinner libsgutils2-2 libkf5baloowidgets-data
#
# apt-get --purge remove ess nautilus-sendto libwhoopsie0 libruby3.0
# apt --purge remove `deborphan |grep ^lib`
# apt-get --purge remove libfmt8 gcc-11-doc libstd-rust-1.65 libperl5.34 perl-modules-5.34 qemu unity telepathy-mission-control-5
# apt-get --purge remove zram-config
# apt-get --purge remove finalrd dpatch hw-probe smartmontools guile-cairo libgwrap-runtime2
# apt-get --purge remove guile-g-wrap guile-gnome2-glib guile-gnome2-gtk linux-sound-base libprocps8
# apt-get --purge remove indicator-messages indicator-common libreoffice-style-yaru fusesmb denef ctop
#
# list obsolete or local packages
# apt list '~o'
apt-get install linux-image-amd64 firmware-linux-free
# removing ubuntu only packages
apt-get --purge remove whoopsie-preferences
apt-get --purge remove fonts-khmeros-core fonts-takao-pgothic mknfonts.tool xfonts-cyrillic
apt-get --purge remove `dpkg -l |grep ubuntu- |awk '{print $2}'`
apt-get --purge remove `dpkg -l |grep unity- |awk '{print $2}'`
apt-get --purge remove `dpkg -l |grep curtin|awk '{print $2}'`
apt-get --purge remove `deborphan |grep libpcl` # 6x
apt-get --purge remove `deborphan |grep opencv` # 6x
apt-get --purge remove openjdk-8.* openjdk-11.* llvm-11.* python3.10.* gcc-9.*
apt-get --purge remove `deborphan |grep ^lib` # 6x
apt-get --purge remove language-selector-.*
# try to upgrade all packages (libs first, the not libs) that are not from debian sources.list to debian ones
for a in $(apt-forktracer |grep ^lib |awk '{print $1}' |sort); do apt reinstall $a/bookworm -uy --allow-downgrades;done
for a in $(apt-forktracer |awk '{print $1}' |sort); do apt reinstall $a/bookworm -uy --allow-downgrades;done
apt-get install -uy `cat /root/dev.pkgs`
rm /root/dev.pkgs
# list packages not installe from repos
apt list --installed 2>/dev/null | grep installed,local
# apt-get --purge remove $(apt list --installed 2>/dev/null | grep installed,local |awk '{print $1}' |sed "s,/now,,g")
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